Electromagnetic Compatibility

About this course

• The course leads to skills that correspond to the professional rights of the Electronic Engineer (παρ. 2.δ-ιβ, άρθρο 11, ΠΔ 99/2018 (ΦΕΚ
  187/τ.Α/5-11-2018)), as the principles of electromagnetic compatibility should be taken into account when conducting studies in industrial,
  building, electrical, electronic and network installations, the development and installation of systems, and the implementation of
  telecommunications, networking, electronics / electrical and computer and sensor applications.
  In addition, it contributes to the acquisition of a variety of general skills, such as:
• project design and management,
• decision making,
• autonomous work,
• teamwork,
• the exercise of criticism and self-criticism,
• the promotion of free, creative and inductive thinking,
• the search, analysis and synthesis of data and information, using the necessary technologies.

Expected learning outcomes

The course covers the theoretical and practical background for:

• Electromagnetic Theory and its applications,
• Basic understanding of Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC),
• Electromagnetic Interference & methods for suppressing the relevant effects,
• EMC Measurements
• Analysis and design electromagnetic compatible devices and system

After the successful completion of the course the student will be able to:

• Be familiar and understand the Electromagnetic Theory.
• To present in a unified way the theory of propagation, scattering and radiation of electromagnetic waves, so that the electromagnetic
  behavior of practical telecommunication systems can be understood.
• Explain and present in a comprehensive way the theory of electromagnetic compatibility.
• Be familiar with possible electromagnetic effects-interference in devices and systems.
• Be aware of applicable regulations and electromagnetic compatibility standards to be applied.
• Have the experience measuring various electromagnetic interference.
• Have experience in certifying the electromagnetic compatibility of devices.
• Have experience designing devices free from electromagnetic interference.
  The course is at the core of the subject of Electronic Engineering (section. 1.c, article 11, ΠΔ 99/2018 (ΦΕΚ 187/τ.Α/5-11-2018)), as
  included in the section “c. Telecommunications, communication and mobile networks, and computer networks.

Indicative Syllabus

• General Overview of Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC). Basic definitions. Examples in EMC problems. EMC Definition. Noise
  Sources, (physical sources, manmade sources). General methods in interference problem solving and compliance of EMC requirements,
  EMC Regulations and Tests.
• Basic concepts of Electromagnetics and applications in electromagnetic compatibility (ferromagnetic materials). Maxwell equations on
  EMC (Maxwell, Poisson & Laplace Equations). Near- and far-field approximations and energy flow. The small wire antenna. The small
  loop antenna. The near and far field. The flow of energy around a small wire antenna. High and low impedance fields (The fields around
  the small wire and closed loop antennas). The reaction fields.
• Wave propagation in various media (The refractive index, the characteristic impedance of a dielectric medium). The impedance of the
  near field. The importance of the concept of impediment. The impedance in front of a boundary surface (Dielectric half-wave apertures,
  fourth-half-wave layers). Summary of the concept of impedance. Planar waves in an arbitrary medium (the propagation constant, the
  depth of penetration). Wave propagation in a good conductor. The internal resistance of the conductors. Diffusion. Integral forms of
  Maxwell equations. The laws of Faraday and Ampere. The electric fields in the conductors
• Explanatory examples in Electromagnetic Compatibility. Interference into a small loop. The interpretation of measurements at various
  distances. Capacitive and inductive coupling. Transient switching phenomena (Powering a transformer, interrupting the power supply of a
  transformer, time varying transitions)
• Impedance of materials with losses. Incidence of TEM waves on boundary surfaces. Transmission of a TEM wave. A first approximation
  of the transmission factor. Effects of re-reflection. Decibels, shielding efficiency and nepers
• Multi-layer media reflectance. Absorber design. Factors in the design of absorbers (A hypothetical absorber). The performance of the
  absorbers at different frequencies. Examples of real absorbers.
• Transmission Lines and Waveguides. Basic concepts. Impedance and phase shift of an ideal transmission line. The characteristic
  impedance of a line with losses. Voltage and current reflection coefficients. Short-circuit transmission line input impedance. Coupling
  between transmission lines. Inductively coupled directional couplers. Coupling in short line lengths. Coupling of transmission lines. The
  mathematical framework. Coupling of shielding currents with signal wires. Cut-off frequency and attenuation constant. Effectiveness of
  shielding with apertures. Resonators and resonator tuning.
• Shielding theory and practical applications. Static (quasi-static) field protection. Magnetostatic protection. Shields from super – conductive
  materials. Electrostatic shielding. Equivalent shielding circuit models. Electric field shielding. Almost – static magnetic field shielding.
  Planar wave or transmission line shielding models. Extensions of wave level theory to non-ideal situations. The relationship of shielding
  theories with practical applications. Apertures. Apertures and thin conductive films. Alternative ways of describing the quality of shielding.
  Cables and connectors. Grounding techniques.
• Spectral analysis and antenna theory in Electromagnetic Compatibility. Basic principles. Harmonious deformation. Intermodulation
  deformation or mixing. Spectral analysis. The Fourier series. The Fourier series of pulse series. The Fourier transforms. Spectrum
  Analyzers (The Fast Fourier Transform). The effect of finite rise time. Voltage noise in a coil. An Fourier spectrum approach. Interference
  bandwidth. Antennas and radiation. Differential-mode and common-mode radiation. General properties of antennas (radiation pattern,
  direction and gain. Radiation resistance. Active cross section). Slot antennas and diaphragms.
• Evaluation and measurement of radiation fields. The mathematical background (Units). Radiation from a loop (Loops with impedance
  Ζ<Ζ0 and with Ζ>Ζ0). Estimation of the radiated fields (The basic calculation, spreadsheet for calculating the intensities of the radiated
  fields). Radiation of common mode on cables. Computer codes for radiation estimation. Broadband antennas. Production of
  electromagnetic fields for EMC tests. The Crawford cells. The GTEM cell. The reverberation chambers.
• Simple examples of calculating standard coupling cases. Signal safety and grounding. Grounding of cables and pigtails. Grounding of
  single and multiple shielding housings.
• Passive components and filters. Passive components (Conductors, resistors, capacitors and coils).
• Isolation and repression. Isolation techniques (Equilibrium or compensating circuits, transformers and common suppression coils, opto-
  isolators and fiber optics. Suppression techniques. Design of electromagnetically compatible circuits. EMC system design.
  In the Laboratory of Telecommunications &amp; Electromagnetic Applications (TelEMA) the theoretical part is applied with experiments,
  demonstration exercises and measurements

Teaching / Learning Methodology

Lectures (online, face to face): Every week three hours

Seminars: One seminar per two weeks where an external speaker interacts with our students in one of the aforementioned topics

Workshops:Where students practice the soft skills are taught